There are four main categories of surprise:
- New information ("I didn't know that!")
- Suspicious information ("Really? Is that true?")
- Clarifying information ("Oh! Now I get it!")
- A different perspective ("I hadn't thought of it that way" or "How could anyone think that way?" or "This surprises me. Is there another way to see this?") p.82 Notice and Note Nonfiction Beers & Probst.