Grade 3: Pioneering Culture: Indigenous Peoples of America

"Tecumsah was a leader of the Shawnee Indians. He fought to keep American settlers out of the Ohio River valley. Tecumseh spent his life fighting American settlers who were taking land from Indians. The British and the Indians were defeated near the Thames River in Ontario on October 5, 1813. Tecumseh was killed in the battle" (Britannica). 

"Cochise was a chief of the Chiricahua band of the Apache people. In the 1860s he led a fierce fight to hold onto Apache lands in what is now the southwestern United States" (Britannica). 

"Sacagawea was a member of the Shoshone Native American tribe. She helped Meriwether Lewis and William Clark explore parts of the western United States from 1804 to 1806. She traveled thousands of miles in the wilderness on the group’s journey to the Pacific Ocean" (Britannica).

"The Indigenous peoples, or original inhabitants, of the Americas lived there for thousands of years before European explorers arrived" (Britannica). 

"As Americans began settling farther west, Native Americans there often fought to retain their territory. In the mid-1800s the U.S. army fought many battles against the peoples of the Great Plains and the Southwest. Treaties granting rights to Native American groups were frequently broken. Massacres against Native Americans, such as the Sand Creek Massacre, were frequent" (Britannica). 

"Sitting Bull was a Native American who tried to keep U.S. settlers from taking over Indian lands. Sitting Bull was a member of the Lakota, or Teton Sioux. He was born in about 1831 near the Grand River in what is now South Dakota" (Britannica). 

"Chief Joseph was a chief of the Nez Percé Native American tribe. The Nez Percé was one of the most powerful Native American groups in the Pacific Northwest. Chief Joseph is known for his efforts to protect his people during a long conflict with U.S. troops" (Britannica).